ARTHROSCOPIC ROTATOR CUFF REPAIR

What is the rotator cuff?

The rotator cuff is composed of muscles and tendons that surround the shoulder joint. These structures attach the upper arm bone (humerus) to the shoulder blade and stabilise the humerus within the shoulder socket. Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair is a surgical procedure designed to repair tears in these tendons.

What causes rotator cuff injuries and what are the symptoms?

Individuals of all ages may experience rotator cuff injuries, often resulting from cumulative wear and tear associated with repetitive or improper movement patterns over time. Common symptoms of rotator cuff injury include:

• Weakness in the shoulder
• Lack of desire to move the shoulder
• Shoulder pain during activities such as pulling, lifting, or reaching behind the back or overhead.

When is rotator cuff surgery required?

Surgery is typically not the initial treatment option. However, it may be considered if shoulder pain persists for more than six months despite physical therapy, if significant shoulder weakness impairs daily activities, or if repetitive use of the shoulders and arms is required for occupational tasks.

The Procedure

Traditionally, rotator cuff repair surgery was performed through an open incision of approximately 6–10 cm, requiring separation of the overlying shoulder muscle to access the damaged tendons. Advances in surgical techniques have led to the development of minimally invasive approaches that aim to reduce pain and improve recovery time.

Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair is performed through several small incisions, typically around 1 cm in size. A key instrument used in this procedure is the arthroscope, a thin fibre-optic device fitted with a light source, camera, and lens system.

This camera projects a magnified image of the shoulder joint onto a monitor, allowing the Dr van Niekerk to clearly visualise internal structures such as cartilage, ligaments, and the rotator cuff. Specialised surgical instruments, which are only a few millimetres in diameter, are then used to treat the damaged tissue while viewing the procedure in real time.

Through this technique, Dr van Niekerk can assess the extent of the injury and perform precise repair or reconstruction of the torn rotator cuff.

Benefits of Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair

• Smaller incisions
• Reduced risk of infection
• Preservation of the muscles
• Enhanced visualisation
• Quicker recovery and reduced pain